What is the minimum amount of free available chlorine (FAC) required for super chlorination?

Super chlorination is a process typically used in water treatment, particularly to eliminate contaminants and disinfect water. The minimum amount of free available chlorine (FAC) required for effective super chlorination is at least 100 parts per million (PPM). This high concentration ensures that pathogens and organic matter are adequately addressed, leading to effective disinfection and increased oxidation of contaminants.

The reason for this requirement lies in the need for a strong dose of chlorine that can significantly overpower the chlorine demand from any impurities present in the water, as well as to ensure residual disinfection effects. A lower concentration, like 1 PPM or even 5 PPM, would not provide the necessary effectiveness for super chlorination, as those levels are typically associated with routine chlorination or maintenance doses that do not adequately address higher contamination levels. Similarly, 50 PPM, while a much stronger dose than the lower values, still does not meet the standard for super chlorination, which is designed for more severe conditions.

Thus, achieving 100 PPM of free available chlorine is essential for the super chlorination process to ensure comprehensive disinfection and water safety.